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@#[Objective[ To analyze the main syndrome types, medication rules, and core prescription characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) in the treatment of metabolism-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), and to predict the anti-MAFLD mechanism of core formula, so as to provide references for the clinical application of TCM and the development of new drugs. [Methods] Literature research on TCM in treating MAFLD was retrieved from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), and Wanfang Database since the establishment of the database to July 2022. Excel 2019 and Chinese Medicine Inheritance Computing Platform (V3.0) were used for frequency analysis, association rule analysis, and cluster analysis of effective prescriptions. The key components, targets, and action pathways of anti-MAFLD core formulas were predicted by network pharmacology. Finally, the interactions between the obtained core components and their core targets were verified reversely by molecular docking technology. [Results] A total of 218 articles were screened and selected, including 352 prescriptions, involving 270 traditional Chinese herbs. The drugs were used a total of 3 901 times, and a total of 10 915 cases were collected, among which the prevalence rate was higher in males. The main types of TCM syndrome included intermingled phlegm and blood stasis syndrome, liver depression and spleen deficiency syndrome, and damp-heat in liver and gallbladder syndrome, among which Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus), Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) were the most frequently used. The properties of Chinese medicine primarily encompassed thermal characteristics, with a predominant emphasis on cold and warm; the flavors of herbs were predominantly characterized by bitterness and sweetness, while the majority exhibited tropism towards the spleen and liver meridians. The drugs were primarily classified based on their efficacy in tonifying deficiencies, promoting diuresis and moistening, enhancing blood circulation and removing blood stasisheat-clearing, etc. The association rules were employed to derive a set of 20 core drug pairs, while cluster analysis was utilized to identify three distinct groups of core drug combinations. Network pharmacological showed that the main components of the core formula “Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus) - Danshen (Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) - Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) - Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) - Fuling (Poria)” in the treatment of MAFLD were quercetin, apigenin, puerarin, luteolin, ursolic acid, kaempferol, tanshinone IIA, emodin, paeonol, etc., which involved RAC-alpha serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 (AKT1), cellular tumor antigen p53 (TP53), interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), peroxisome proliferative activated receptor gamma (PPARG), and other key targets. The molecular docking results showed that the core components had good binding to lipid and atherosclerosis, and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3K)/AKT signaling pathway-associated proteins. [Conclusion] The main principles of TCM for the treatment of MAFLD involve soothing the liver and strengthening the spleen, eliminating phlegm and dampness, clearing heat and dampness, as well as promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis. The core formula may exert anti-MAFLD effects mediated through multiple components, targets, and signaling pathways. This study establishes a theoretical foundation for the clinical application of TCM in the treatment of MAFLD, and serves as a reference for further exploration of new drugs against MAFLD.
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Objective@#To understand the current situation and influencing factors of physical exercise participation of rural primary and secondary school students in Jiangsu Province, and to provide reference for promoting healthy development of rural youth in Northern Jiangsu.@*Methods@#A total of 3 597 rural primary and middle school students in Northern Jiangsu Province were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on the status quo of physical exercise.@*Results@#Only 37.6% of students in Northern Jiangsu had more than 3 hours of physical education every week, 23.6% of the students participated in extracurricular physical exercise for more than 3 times a week, 14.3% of the students participated in physical exercise for more than 1 hour every day, 77.9% of the students master more than 1 sports skills, 72.0% of students participated in extracurricular activities perceived, and 27.3% of the students participated in extracurricular sports professional counseling; 35.7% of the students reported lack of parental support physical education curriculum lacks of interest, 17.0% of the students didn t like the physical education teachers or their teaching methods, 28.6% of the students reported lack of sports venues or equipment, 8.4% of the students reported that their parents do not support, 38.2% of the students reported lack of extracurricular sports professional guidance, 18.1% of the students think that the performance of physical education didn t affect the evaluation and progress of the school. Univariate Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, academic stage, dislike of physical education teaching methods and lack of physical education professional guidance were the influencing factors of physical exercise participation havior of rural students(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The present situation of physical exercise of rural primary and secondary school students in Northern Jiangsu Province is not optimistic. Special attention to the formation of female exercise behavior, improve the teaching quality of rural physical education and support the off campus sports training institutions.
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Objective@#To understand the current situation and influencing factors of college students’ participation in physical exercise in Jiangsu Province, and to provide reference for promoting the healthy development of college students’ physique.@*Methods@#A questionnaire survey was conducted among 2 643 college students in 12 universities in Jiangsu Province.@*Results@#Only 2.3%(60/2 643) of college students attended physical education classes more than 3 hours a week, 29.9%(790/2 643) of them participated in physical exercise more than 3 times a week, 14.8%(391/2 643) of them participated in physical exercise more than 1 hour a day, and 23.0%(609/2 643) of them mastered more than 3 sports skills. Among the items, 45.7%(1 208/2 643) of the college students did not participate in sports associations, 17.8%(471/2 643) of the college students participated in sports social organizations such as off-campus sports clubs; 40.1%(1 059/2 643) of the students thought that the content of physical education curriculum lacked interest. About 31.9%(845/2 643) of the students did not like the physical education teachers or their teaching methods; 19.4%(514/2 643) of the students thought that they lacked sports venues or equipment; 21.1%(558/2 643) of the students thought that physical exercise had no effect on learning, and 28.9%(764/2 643) of the students thought that physical exercise had no effect on learning. The students thought that physical education curriculum and related activities had no effect on employment. About 17.1%(451/2 643) of the students thought that the performance of physical education did not affect the evaluation and progress; The present situation of college students’participation in physical exercise and the reasons for their dislike of physical exercise are different in gender, grade and region(P<0.05); single factor Logistic regression analysis showed that gender, grade, place and so on. The lack of interesting contents, dislike of PE teachers’ teaching methods, lack of sports venues or equipment were the influencing factors of college students’ participation in physical exercise in Jiangsu Province(P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#The current situation of college students’ participation in physical exercise in Jiangsu Province is not optimistic. To promote college students’participation in physical exercise needs the co-operation of society, schools and individuals.
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Objective@#To understand the current situation of physical exercise participation of primary and secondary school students in Nanjing, and to provide the reference for promoting the healthy development of physical fitness of primary and secondary school students.@*Methods@#By using stratified cluster sampling method, 4 161 students from 14 primary and secondary schools in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province were selected to conduct a questionnaire survey on their participation in physical exercise.@*Results@#Among the primary and secondary school students in Nanjing, 55.57% had more than three hours of physical education class per week, 81.09% of them participated in large class activities organized by the school every day, 23.19% of them participated in extracurricular sports activities more than three times a week, 13.96% of them participated in physical exercise for one hour every day,there were significant in physical exercise items among students of different stages(χ2=52.76, 29.90, 16.14, 39.34; 624.61, 53.04, 151.25, 189.45, P<0.05). 34.34% of the parents supported and accompanied their classmates in family physical exercise, 46.07% of parents supported students’ physical exercise but do not accompanied them, 14.83% of parents’ attitude was not clear, 4.76% of parents did not support students’ physical exercise, 14.32% of families made physical exercise plans; There were significant differences in family physical exercise items among students of different genders and stages(χ2=42.72; 229.44, 26.43, P<0.01). 49.82% of students had more than three sports skills in personal physical exercise, 17.45% of students participated in physical training classes, only 7.14% of students participated in physical exercise weekly. There were genders and stages differences in the current situation of students’ participation in physical exercise(χ2=12.32, 5.60, 24.06; 167.51, 237.90, 223.15, P<0.05).@*Conclusion@#In Nanjing, the reporting rate of regular participation in physical exercise among primary and secondary school students is low, and family-school interaction is needed to promote the healthy development of students.